Politics in the Pakistan Media

government in the Pakistan MediaIntroductionWhen someone brings news to you- you should investigate its credibility first (Quran).Politics is the emotional maintain blood of media coverage because that forms the reality of perception on which action is based. Political environment is depicted by media.Today, everyone of us has make us more enjoyable and leisure life by watching TV, and they enjoy by listening radio and read magazine and newspaper. People atomic number 18 rund by shows on TV and articles in the newspaper. Media keeps the people updated and decl atomic number 18ed slightly what is happening around the world.Not scarce people have positive alludes on the TV, they have negative impact too. They are informed and are intouch with the upcoming news. People should get aware of the information they get that can be dangerous in their minds. The TVs permeate their lives, channelize us what are we supposed to wear, how we are supposed to look and act.Television not on ly give positive but negative effects as well on the viewers of negotiationhows, many studies have impact of television on society. Mostly young ones are more affected by this. 14 August 1947 when 1st time these words were spoken instead of this is all India radio by Zahoor Azher in English and Mustafa Ali Hamadani in Urdu building of radio Pakistan Karachi built in 1950. In Pakistan Television was 1st realize in the excitation near Mezare Quaid on 16 September.In 1955, it was a small address of pleasure and short circuit television came into being (Pakistan corporation limited PTV). 1st official television station commenced transmission telecast from Lahore. In Karachi 1966 In 1974 Peshawar and Quetta , In 1991-1992 original telecast work in black and white PTV launched a full-scale satellite telecasting services.PTV news , PTV national , PTV bolan (BOLOUCHI) , PTV Global (dish network) . In 15 July 1990 , 1st private channel NTM ( network television marketing ) was launched. O n 1st March 2002 General Pervez Musharaf plyd the ordinance for launching the private channels. Nearly one C channels can see on TV like GEO , ARY , HUM , DUNIYA , SAMA , WAQAT , EXPRESS , CITY42 , MASALA , ZAUQ , GEO sports , Qtv , AJJ , etc , which is based on news , sports , religion , informative , documentary , medical specialty , cooking , business , semi governmental etc . Abdul Razaq Yaqoob (ARY) has leading private channels chain in Pakistan ( Javaid,2012) .History of talk show is quite long, and it represents first formats of programing in tv history. While the greater part of the early shows was geared towards politics and Government, a number of celebrity-oriented shows began to start up during the 1960s. In 1070s, talk shows were replaced by indorse shows.a host figures and anchors always host the talk shows.talk shows commonly consist of groups of people who are learned and who get a great experience to whatever issue is being discussed on the episode of the show . A call-in show is that in which anchors takes the live call.Pakistani media is very lively. Current Affair programs or blab out Shows is more or less important format of private television channels. There are multi-dimensional role of lambaste Shows or Current Affair Programs in Pakistani society to informto educateto formulate public opinionCurrent Affair Program or dress down Shows have great impact on politics , favorable values , life styles of people , relationship of good deales and foreign policy.There are many Pakistani burble Shows that are fulfulling our masses needs. For example GEO Talk Shows ( AJJ RAAT KAMRAN KHAN K SATH ) , ( CAPITAL TALK )ARY Talk Shows ( KHARA SACH ) , ( )In theses talk shows , ask soft questions around our country crises due to this viewers like these programs because in these Talk Shows everyone fights and the anchor are expert in engaging people in fight with each other. Talk Shows is a TV program in which single anchor or more than one anchor have a conversation on variant current personal business, participants of the talk shows are usually educated. They have great information experience virtually the current issues happening around the world. In some of the talk shows a single guest tells shutly their life experience, their work , career etc. the most important aspect of talk show is to spread sentiency to give information to others etc. like a shot people not only call back active politics but they even are very interested in each and everything close to talks ahows and happenings in it. By the talk shows nowadays viewers taste who is better what is computable which semipolitical party they should give their votes to, and who will be the next loss leader this all helps the viewers to know more about it.Rationale of the ponderThe present study on role of anchor of news channels creating political awareness in youth. The researcher selected this topic to valuate the role of news anchors to create political awareness among youth. Nowadays in Pakistan political issues are increasing day by day and almost every news channel is showing talk shows.Through these talk shows everyone got to know the political internet site and issues happening in our country. Youth is the major part of our country on which our country development lies. From these talk shows people specially our youth came to know about political issues of our country. This study will also useful for our government.ObjectivesTo find out the impact of talk shows Anchors in creating political awareness among youth in Lahore.To measure the level of political worth based on political participation and political awareness among youth in Lahore.To find out the knowledge of responder about politics.HypothesisHi- Political Talk Shows motivate youth to take part in politics.Ho- Political Talk Shows are just for awareness of political issues.Hi- Talk Shows accession political efficacy among youth of PakistanHo- Talk Shows a re informational live program for update of news in detail.Hi- Political talk shows increase the knowledge of respondents.QuestionsDo you think the role of talk shows Anchors effect the mind of youth in Lahore ?Do you think the Anchors play effective role in reporting a leaders position?Is Anchors are providing proper information about political issue to their youth?Dont you think that these political talk shows just give benefits to their channels?Are talk shows guided by the guests rather than anchor?Literature reviewKabir (1965) states in his study that television has ability and it changes the tradition in the society and also has power to change the social rules of the society, television enforce the society to adopt new trends and do them part of their lives. . The purpose of the study is to measure the impact of t.v programs in the behaviors and the standard of living towards media.Roper (1975) as quoted by Mark (1982) in his research cogitate that people habitually got mos t of the news about what is going on in the world from TV . When Ropers organization asked a national cross-section about this in 1974 , 65% replied TV and only 47% said newspapers.Rmeez Ahmad from the University of Punjab found that Talk Shows are increasing the political awareness and socialization of the viewers. Although respondents have awareness to talk shows they dont participate in politics. It showed the passive attitude of the young towards politics. Talk Shows of Pakistan TV channels are now an enjoyable battle of two political parties instead of conclusion on different issues or problems and demand from the people.Bilal et al. in 2012 consummated a study on talk shows on Pakistani TV. Their target was to explore the relationship mingled with spoken words and ideology of the Talk Shows anchors. They picked up two Talk Shows from GEO TV and they found that anchors try to maintain Talk Shows intentionally by setting agendas.However, Yousuf in 2012 states that Talk Shows a re creating political awareness im Pakistan. Researcher showed that Pakistani electronic media is more informative. Talk Shows are compete a major role in shaping awareness. The researcher has conducted values. The study found that, TV viewers watch Talk Shows regularly and that they consider Talk Shows to be an informative program. A grand majority 96% of viewers believed that, Talk Shows can provide political knowledge and generate awareness to the public.Politics means social relations involving authority or power and to the methods and tactics used to formulate and apply policy. According to Hegel, Political History is an idea of the state with a moral and spiritual force beyond the material interests of its subjects it followed that the state was the main agent of historical change ( Hegel, 1991). Aristotle concludes that man is a political beast we can only achieve the good life by living as citizen in a state.Afsheen (2002 cited in saghir, 2009), in her articleAs faraway as news Talk Shows section is concerned , private TV channels are doing well. In the discussion on ARY and GEO , people belonging to different political parties and areas of Pakistan express their views. They try to cover all the important occurring in Pakistan either having international values or not. So it is really a good sign that is public can get hold of all the information without censor or distortion of facts in governments favor.Today people not only think over it but also talk about politics. They know each and everything today due to political talk shows and also can judge who is better and should be next Leader and can work better for their country. ( politics portal, 2012).Four different ways of measuring the impact of anchor of Talk Shows have been used in previous research stoichiometric techniques , interviews with key information , observation , and self-designating techniques (Jacoby , 1974 Rogers Cartano 1962 , Weismann 1994). The prominent measurements have a lways been self-designating techniques, because they can easily be administered in survey.Rees in 2007 said that uniqueness of the opinion in not special to the set-up of the talk shows. he states,In TV programs , we find normal arguments rise in normal ways, but intensified by the pressures of the specific purpose and layout of the show , hosts elicit arguments to increase the entertainment value of the show participants use arguments to cut down their opponents image and to enhance their own image.Alina , Marukh and Rana (2006) conducted the research level of interest in TV programs channels and its impact on personal aspiration of youth. For the conducted research, the greater the level of interest in TV programs, the greater will be the impact on personal aspiration of the students. Further, to find out the relationship, if any , between the level of interest in TV programs and its impact on personal aspiration.The study conducted by Daheem , Misbah and Atif (2007) , research of impact of political communication through electronic media on party loyalty. For the conduction of the present research , the researchers chose Pakistan Peoples Party that the division or categorization amongst this party has been seen to a much lower extent as compared to other contemporary political parties. Researchers also observed that the element of loyalty exists muh more in PPP as compared with other parties of its own level.Theoretical fashion modelThere are many theories which are related to media and influence individual enjoinly, proportionally, immediately etc. These theories have different means to the media and their users. Many theories come into this manikin that can relate the topic of researcher. But researcher discussed the one theory which is Two-Step-Flow of communication.Introduction Of The TheoryThe two-step flow of communication theory was first introduce by Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson , and Hazel Gaudet in The Peoples Choice, a 1944 study focuse d on the process of decision-making. These researchers expected to find empirical support for the direct influence of media message on their viewers.This theory assert the information from the media moves in two distinct stages. First, individuals(opinion leaders) who pay close attention to the mass media and its message receive the information. judging leaders pass on their own interpretations in addition to the actual media content. The term personal influence was coined to refer to the process intervening between the medias direct message and the earreachs ultimate reaction to that message. Opinion leaders are quite influential in getting people to change their attitudes and behaviors and are quite resembling to those they influence. The two-step floe theory has improved the understanding of how the mass media influence decision making. The theory refined the ability to predict the influence of media messages on audience behavior, and it helped why certain media campaigns may have failed to alter audience attitudes and behavior.Application Of The TheoryThe theory describes that Talk Shows are answerable for refining viewers about the idea of political and social truth. This situation is clearly exposed by research which seeks to establish what audience can and do understand about and from the mass media. Such researches have shown that audience can talk intelligently, perform the way they see something influenced by media. The mass media may not be successful in telling people what to think , but mass media successful in telling what to think about. Media and the political talk shows creating awareness among audience and youth about the current situation of their country.The TWO-STEP FLOW THEORY asserts the pursuance pointsthe information is transferred not only by the medium but also through interpersonal communication.There are people between the medium and the interpersonal communication network which are called opinion leaders or Anchor persons.The influence of much(prenominal) opinion leaders or Anchor persons is significantly larger than that of the medium.Research MethodologyCurrent Affair Programs are main source of television. It is playing a main role in creating political awareness among youth in Lahore. Mass Media is the source of influencing people to participate in politics and this is the only source of creating awareness in citizens that how to improve and run our political system. People are mainly affected by the news and news Current Affair Programs that are on air on different news channel of Pakistan around the clock.Research Design/MethodThe design used by the researcher is survey design.Research ToolThe researcher used questionnaire . The questionnaire was usually developed to measure the role of Anchor persons in creating political awareness among youth in Lahore . close ended question were used. Close ended question allow the respondent to answer free and unbiased responses.PopulationThe population includ es viewers of current affairs talk shows . So in this research the population is selected of youth in Lahore both Male and Female of ages 18 to 25.SampleDifferent institutions of Lahore ( Kinnaird college , Lahore college , Punjab university and LUMS )Accidental / gismo Sampling This sampling is used to collect data . A sample of 200 people has been selected. Department of media studies and political science are selected of chosen universities . The following universities have been selected randomly to conduct a survey among youth in LahoreKinnaird college for womenLahore college for womenPunjab universityLUMSVariablesDaily watching Talk Shows creating awareness among youthPositive viewpoint about the countryPolitical involvement4.7Control VariableAge 18-26Respondents Students or Youth4.8 Statistical AnalysisThe statistical software used is Mini Tab